Rhino horns are not made of bone, but of keratin, the same material found in your hair and fingernails. A rhino's horn is not attached to its skull. It is actually a compacted mass of hairs that continues to grow throughout the animal's lifetime, just like our own hair and nails.
We found that people used rhino horn for a number of purposes, principally as a medicine and as a status symbol. The most prevalent use was for treating hangovers. Other uses included using it to honour terminally ill relatives. We also found that consumers preferred wild rhino horn over farmed rhino horn.
In South Africa, poachers kill on average three rhinos per day – or about 100 per month – to feed the demand for horn on the black market. Nearly two-thirds of rhinos poached in South Africa in 2014 were killed in Kruger National Park.
The main reason rhinos are poached and killed for their horns is because superstitious folk think the horn has medicinal value. It doesn't. The value of the horn could actually save the rhino as there is no necessity to kill a rhino to harvest the horn.
Rhino horn is made up primarily of keratin – a protein found in hair, fingernails, and animal hooves. When carved and polished, horn takes on a translucence and luster that increase as the object ages.
At the latest count (2019), there were approximately 3,817
rhinos left in KNP (a 60% drop). While the total number of
rhinos killed continues to fall, relentless poaching across
South Africa since 2008 has not allowed
rhino populations to recover.
394 rhinos poached in South Africa during 2020.
| Provinces and National Parks | Total |
|---|
| 2017 | 1,028 |
|---|
| 2018 | 769 |
|---|
| 2019 | 594 |
|---|
| 2020 | 394 |
|---|
Poaching can be defined as illegally killing wildlife or any animal for food, pleasure, ivory, fur or more. One main reason that people poach animals is for rare products, such as ivory and fur. In a broad sense, hunting and poaching mean the same thing but one major difference is that hunting is legal in countries.
After more than a century of protection and management, they are now classified as Near Threatened and 19,600 – 21,000 animals exist in protected areas and private game reserves. They are the only of the five rhino species that are not endangered.
Rhino poaching down from 59 cases in 2013 to zero in 2020, says Kenya Wildlife Service. Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) has said that no rhino was poached in the East African nation in the year 2020, a rare occurrence to be witnessed in the country since 1999.
Poaching is threatening wildlife conservation in Africa. Although the number of poached rhinos is going down each year, it is partly because there are fewer and fewer rhinos left to poach, with their numbers having declined exponentially in Kruger since 2011.
Rhino poaching is being driven by the demand for rhino horn in Asian countries, particularly China and Viet Nam. Rhino horn is used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, but increasingly common is its use as a status symbol to display success and wealth.
Those mercenaries, nearly all white, are hunting poachers, nearly all black.
There are many causes for poaching. For one thing, poaching is hard to regulate and law enforcement is susceptible to bribery, making poaching an easy crime. As one can see, causes of poaching are done for many reasons, such as food, religion, money, and even lack of enforcement.
The vast majority of poaching is caused by organized crime syndicates that use high-powered technology and weaponry to track and kill many animals at once without being detected.
Every year poachers take more than 38 million animals from the wilds of Brazil to meet the global demand for illegal wildlife. Most are birds destined to become caged pets for people in Rio de Janeiro, Sydney, Madrid or New York. Biodiversity in Latin America has decreased by approximately 83 percent since the 1970s.
Poaching is a threat not only for elephants and other animals, but for the whole global community. Wildlife crime is a huge business, lead by dangerous international illicit organizations, wildlife are trafficked like illegal drugs and weapons. To tackle poaching is essential to give a strong international response.
The most expensive species to hunt are known as the Big Five: the lion, elephant, leopard, rhinoceros (both black and white) and Cape buffalo.
Rhinos also have their horns for a reason, to protect their young and defense. If we removed the horns, the rhinos may not be as well equipped to survive.
South Africa has world's largest Rhino population. The African rhino is divided into two species, the black rhino and the white rhino. White rhinos mainly live in South Africa, but they have also been reintroduced to Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe.
Trophy hunting has been permitted for Southern white rhinos in South Africa since 1968. No hunting is allowed of any of the Asian species: Greater one-horned rhinos, Sumatran and Javan rhinos.
Three species of rhino—black, Javan, and Sumatran—are critically endangered. But the western black rhino and northern white rhinos have recently become extinct in the wild. The only two remaining northern white rhino are kept under 24-hour guard in Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya.
Rhino horns, which when ground to a powder are believed by some Vietnamese to have medicinal qualities to cure everything from cancer to a hangover, are particularly lucrative and can fetch up to $60,000 (£48,000) per kilo.
Rhino horn is made from keratin—a protein found in fingernails and hair—and the product is falsely said to help treat everything from cancer to gout when consumed in its powder form. There are no proven medicinal benefits in humans from either product.
Black rhinos are the smaller of the two African rhino species. However, the black rhino is still considered critically endangered, and a lot of work remains to bring the numbers up to even a fraction of what it once was—and to ensure that it stays there.
Due to the limited availability of export permits, a rhino hunt for white rhino is relatively expensive and ranges from $55,000 upwards to the $90,000 range.
Most poaching happens in Zimbabwe, which is a country in Africa. The second country with the most poaching is Kenya, which is also in Africa. More than half of the worlds poaching happens in Africa because there are a lot of rare animals there.
In the mid-2000s, the demand for rhino horn exploded, which spurred on an unprecedented wave of poaching in South Africa. The current poaching crisis is attributed to the growing demand for rhino horn in Asian countries, mainly Vietnam and China. Vietnam has been identified as the largest user country of rhino horn.
Many people, governments and charities, are involved in the protection of animals. The Royal family are also involved in the fight against poaching. Prince William is the president of United for Wildlife and patron for conservation charity Tusk.
