Despite the shortcomings of this vaccine, WHO continues to recommend that a single dose of BCG be given to neonates or as soon as possible after birth in countries with a high prevalence of TB.
Shortly after birth, your baby should receive the first dose of the vaccine to help protect against the following disease: Hepatitis B (HepB) (1st dose)
There are 4 main
types of vaccines: Live-attenuated
vaccines. Inactivated
vaccines. Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate
vaccines.
Inactivated vaccines
- Hepatitis A.
- Flu (shot only)
- Polio (shot only)
- Rabies.
After vaccinationSometimes children have mild reactions from vaccines, such as pain at the injection site, a rash, or a fever. These reactions are normal and will soon go away.
This vaccine is given to provide protection (immunity) against tetanus (lockjaw) in adults and children 7 years or older. Vaccination is the best way to protect against this life-threatening disease. Vaccines work by causing the body to produce its own protection (antibodies).
Children receive immunization early because they are susceptible to diseases at a young age. The consequences of these diseases can be very serious, even life-threatening, for infants and young children.
Recommended Vaccines by Age
- Birth. Before leaving the hospital or birthing center, your baby receives the first of 3 doses of the vaccine that protects against Hepatitis B.
- 1 to 2 Months. Protect your baby by providing immunity early in life.
- 4 Months.
- 6 Months.
- 7-11 Months.
- 12 to 23 Months.
- 2 to 3 Years.
- 4 to 6 Years.
BCG, or bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease. Many foreign-born persons have been BCG-vaccinated. BCG is used in many countries with a high prevalence of TB to prevent childhood tuberculous meningitis and miliary disease.
The universal HPV vaccination programmeIn England, all boys and girls aged 12 to 13 years are routinely offered the 1st HPV vaccination when they're in Year 8 at school. The 2nd dose is offered 6 to 24 months after the 1st dose.
One dose of Tdap vaccine is recommended during each pregnancy to protect your newborn from whooping cough (pertussis), regardless of when you had your last Tdap or tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccination. Ideally, the vaccine should be given between 27 and 36 weeks of pregnancy.
When you're aged between 14 and18, you get two
vaccines against infectious diseases.
Tetanus, diphtheria and polio (Td/IPV) vaccine
- tetanus (T)
- diphtheria (d)
- polio (IPV)
The First YearVaccination is a big part of giving children a healthy start in their first year. In fact, your baby needs one vaccine right away. Make sure your baby gets the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine shortly after birth. More than one dose is necessary for many vaccines.
All 11- through 12- year olds should get a 2-shot series of HPV vaccine. A 3-shot series is needed for those with weakened immune systems and those who start the series at 15 years or older. All 11- through 12- year olds should get one shot of meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY). A booster shot is recommended at age 16.
About a day or so before the appointment talk to your child about the injection. Answer your child's questions honestly and use a straightforward approach. Use plain language that is age appropriate. Discuss the importance of having the injection and how it will help to keep them well.
Currently, 16 vaccines – some requiring multiple doses at specific ages and times – are recommended from birth to 18 years old. Recommended vaccines include: Influenza (annual flu shot) Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTaP)
You receive the first 3 doses as a baby in the 6-in-1 vaccine. The 4th dose is given around the age of 3 as a pre-school booster in the 4-in-1 vaccine, and the 5th and final dose is the teenage 3-in-1 booster given at age 14 (school year 9).
Key vaccine factsThe teenage booster vaccine used in the UK boosts protection against three serious diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, and polio. Before vaccines existed, these diseases used to kill thousands of children in the UK every year. as the table at the bottom of the page shows.
Conclusions Pain was reduced when the DPTaP-Hib vaccine was administered before the PCV in infants undergoing routine vaccination. We recommend that the order of vaccine injections be the DPTaP-Hib vaccine followed by the PCV. Vaccine injections are the most common painful iatrogenic procedures performed in childhood.
All vaccines can be administered at the same visit*. There is no upper limit for the number of vaccines that can be administered during one visit. ACIP and AAP consistently recommend that all needed vaccines be administered during an office visit. Vaccination should not be deferred because multiple vaccines are needed.
- 6 Weeks. OPV-1, Pentavalent-1, Rotavirus Vaccine (RVV)-1, Fractional dose of. Inactivated Polio Vaccine (fIPV)-1, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine.
- 10 weeks. OPV-2, Pentavalent-2, RVV-2.
- 14 weeks. OPV-3, Pentavalent-3, fIPV-2, RVV-3, PCV-2*
- 10 years. Tetanus & adult Diphtheria (Td)
- 16 years. Td.
- Influenza. Babies and the elderly are incredibly vulnerable to influenza.
- Whooping cough. It's devastating to hear reports across Australia each year about kids still dying from whooping cough.
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella.
- Pneumococcus.
- Shingles.
VKDB is a serious and potentially life-threatening cause of bleeding in infants up to 6 months of age. A vitamin K shot given at birth is the best way to prevent low levels of vitamin K and vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB).
Shot sites can have swelling, redness and pain. Most often, these symptoms start within 24 hours of the shot. They most often last 3 to 5 days. With the DTaP vaccine, they can last up to 7 days.
Vaccine against Diphtheria-Tetanus-Whooping cough + Haemophilus influenzae type B + Polio [DTaP-Hib-IPV] (Hebrew) Vaccine against Measles-Mumps-Rubella (German measles) + Varicella (chicken pox) [MMRV] Vaccine against pneumococcus bacteria [PCV] Vaccine against Hepatitis B.
Infancy and early childhood vaccinations list
- hepatitis B vaccine.
- DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) vaccine.
- haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib)
- pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)
- inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)
- measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
- varicella (chickenpox) vaccine.
Vaccines at 7 to 10 YearsEveryone 6 months of age and older should get a flu vaccine every year. Although recommended for children ages 11-12, the HPV vaccine can be given as early as 9 to help protect both girls and boys from HPV infection and cancers caused by HPV.
