PHLEBOTOMY SERVICES
| STOPPER COLOR | CONTENTS | USES/COMMENTS |
|---|
| Green | Sodium heparin(100 USP Units) | Ammonia, Lactate, HLA Typing |
| Tan | K2 EDTA | Lead levels |
| Yellow | ACD Solution A consists of trisodium citrate, citric acid and dextrose | DNA Studies, HIV Cultures |
| Pink | (K2)EDTA | Blood type & Screen, Compatibility Study, Direct Coombs HIV Viral Load |
Yellow-top tube (ACD)This tube contains ACD, which is used for the collection of whole blood for special tests. NOTE: After the tube has been filled with blood, immediately invert the tube 8-10 times to mix and ensure adequate anticoagulation of the specimen.
Red top tubeThis tube has no anticoagulant and is used for many chemistry tests, drug levels, and blood bank procedures.
ESR Vacuum tube (black top tube): 12 hours room temperature, 24 hours refrigerated. Lavender top (EDTA) tube: Room temperature: 8 hours.
Blood should be collected in a blue-top tube containing 3.2% buffered sodium citrate. Evacuated collection tubes must be filled to completion to ensure a proper blood-to-anticoagulant ratio.
All tubes (except red top tubes which contain no additives) must be gently inverted 5 to 8 times immediately after filling, to ensure proper mixing of blood and anticoagulant, or other additives.
SPS (Yellow Top Tube)*: This tube is for blood cultures (routine and AFB) for Microbiology. *Note: After the tube has been filled with blood, immediately invert the tube gently several times to prevent coagulation.
The glass tubes and blood containing materials are disinfected and washed as mentioned in biochemistry section. The blood donor sets, after cutting out the needle parts, are discarded in metal boxes which are sent for autoclaving in microbiology disposal autoclave before sending the plastic for disposal.
Three popular methods of blood collection are:
- Arterial Sampling.
- Venipuncture Sampling.
- Fingerstick Sampling.
Adult tubes generally hold from 3 to 10 ml of blood. Pediatric tubes usually hold from 2 to 4 ml. Tubes for fingersticks or heelsticks generally hold one half ml or less.
EDTA stands for Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. EDTA functions by binding calcium in the blood and keeping the blood from clotting. BD Vacutainer Plus Blood Collection Tubes contain K2EDTA, which is spray-dried to the walls of the tube.
Anticoagulants are used to prevent clot formation both in vitro and in vivo. Historically, EDTA has been recommended as the anticoagulant of choice for hematological testing because it allows the best preservation of cellular components and morphology of blood cells.
| TROPONIN T, HIGH SENSITIVITY |
|---|
| ORDERING INFORMATION: | |
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| Preferred collection container: | 3 mL green/yellow-top (plasma separator) tube |
| Specimen required: | 2 mL plasma; minimum 0.5 mL. |
| SPECIMEN PROCESSING |
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) strongly and irreversibly chelates (binds) calcium ions, preventing blood from clotting. Correct proportion of this anticoagulant to blood is crucial because of the dilution, and it can be reversed with the addition of calcium.
Acceptable complete blood count values of under-filled powdered K(2)EDTA tubes can be obtained with as little as 1.0 ml of blood.
S-Monovette® – the revolution in blood collection. A blood collection system that combines two blood collection techniques – the aspiration technique and the vacuum technique. The S-Monovette® is suitable for all vein conditions and achieves an optimal sample quality, thereby producing the best results.
LH Lithium Heparin SepVACUETTE® heparin tubes are coated on the inside wall with spray-dried lithium, ammonium or sodium heparin and are used to determine analytes in clinical chemistry. The additive acts as an anticoagulant, and blocks the clotting cascade.
To avoid cross-contamination, blood must be drawn and collected in tubes in a specific order. This is known as the Order of Draw.
The VACUETTE® K2 EDTA Blood Collection Tube is a lavender top tube from Greiner Bio-One which is used primarily in hematology. The inner wall is coated with spray-dried K2 EDTA which acts as an anticoagulant, binding calcium ions and interrupting the clotting cascade.
Plasma protein tests are blood tests that detect the amount of proteins in the blood. This lab work is usually ordered as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) during a physical exam. The tests can help your doctor determine your overall health. Plasma protein tests are also known as a total protein test.
A blood sample is needed. The sample is then placed in ice and taken immediately to the laboratory. Three porphyrins can normally be measured in small amounts in human blood.
