The signs and symptoms of riboflavin deficiency (also known as ariboflavinosis) include skin disorders, hyperemia (excess blood) and edema of the mouth and throat, angular stomatitis (lesions at the corners of the mouth), cheilosis (swollen, cracked lips), hair loss, reproductive problems, sore throat, itchy and red
Scurvy. Severe vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. Scurvy in infants is rare because breast milk usually supplies enough vitamin C and infant formulas are fortified with the vitamin. Scurvy is rare in the United States but may occur in alcoholics and older people who are malnourished.
Thiamine deficiency may be called Beriberi or Wernicke's Encephalopathy depending on how it presents. When you don't get enough thiamine, you may first have nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue and difficulty concentrating.
In conjunction with whole blood or erythrocyte transketolase activity preloading and postloading, a thiamine loading test is the best indicator of thiamine deficiency. An increase of more than 15% in enzyme activity is a definitive marker of deficiency.
Thiamin (vitamin B-1) helps the body generate energy from nutrients. Also known as thiamine, thiamin is necessary for the growth, development and function of cells. Most people get enough thiamin from the food they eat.
The needs for vitamin B1 increase during pregnancy, breast feeding, strenuous activity, growth spurts and during a fever. - Consuming African silkworms or ferns (These foods contain an enzyme called thiaminase that destroys thiamine.) - Consuming raw, fresh-water fish or raw shellfish (These foods contain thiaminase.)
Niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency results in a condition known as pellagra. Pellagra includes the triad of dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea and can result in death.
Rickets is a disorder that causes children to have bones that are weak and soft. It is caused by a lack of vitamin D in the body. You need vitamin D so that calcium and phosphorus can be used to build bones. In adults, having soft bones is a condition called osteomalacia.
Individuals with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome begin to show symptoms of megaloblastic anemia between infancy and adolescence. This syndrome is called "thiamine-responsive" because the anemia can be treated with high doses of vitamin B1 (thiamine). during early childhood.
Symptoms from B vitamin deficiency, including lack of energy or fatigue, are due to a decreased production of red blood cells. Red blood cells are necessary to carry vital oxygen to the body's cells and tissues.
Causes Pellagra which is a life-threatening disease. The symptoms are diarrhoea, dermatitis, and dementia. If not treated at an early stage, the patient may die. Vitamin B5 deficiency is rare and the symptoms are fatigue, apathy, and irritability.
Thiamine deficiency is common in drinkers who consume excessive amounts of alcohol. This is due to: poor nutrition and the diet not containing enough essential vitamins. inflammation of the stomach lining due to excessive alcohol consumption, which reduces the body's ability to absorb vitamins.
Vitamin E deficiency can cause nerve and muscle damage that results in loss of feeling in the arms and legs, loss of body movement control, muscle weakness, and vision problems. Another sign of deficiency is a weakened immune system.
Scurvy is the name for a vitamin C deficiency. It can lead to anemia, debility, exhaustion, spontaneous bleeding, pain in the limbs, and especially the legs, swelling in some parts of the body, and sometimes ulceration of the gums and loss of teeth.
Food Sources
- Fortified breakfast cereals.
- Pork.
- Fish.
- Beans, lentils.
- Green peas.
- Enriched cereals, breads, noodles, rice.
- Sunflower seeds.
- Yogurt.
Thiamine deficiency causes a disorder of energy metabolism in brain cells that leads to mobility impairments of neurotransmitters, thus resulting in neurological symptoms like those seen in Wernicke encephalopathy.
Thiamin deficiency (causing beriberi) is most common among people subsisting on white rice or highly refined carbohydrates in developing countries and among alcoholics. Symptoms include diffuse polyneuropathy, high-output heart failure, and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Answer – Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases. Examples are – Scurvy, Night blindness, Rickets, Beriberi, Goiter, Anaemia.
Nutrient deficiencies
| disease (and key nutrient involved) | symptoms |
|---|
| pellagra (niacin) | diarrhea, skin inflammation, dementia |
| scurvy (vitamin C) | delayed wound healing, internal bleeding, abnormal formation of bones and teeth |
| iron-deficiency anemia (iron) | decreased work output, reduced growth, increased health risk in pregnancy |
Vitamin A deficiency can result from inadequate intake, fat malabsorption, or liver disorders. Deficiency impairs immunity and hematopoiesis and causes rashes and typical ocular effects (eg, xerophthalmia, night blindness). Diagnosis is based on typical ocular findings and low vitamin A levels.
There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases.
Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies in the world, affecting more than 25% of people worldwide ( 1 , 2 ). This number rises to 47% in preschool children. Unless they're given iron-rich or iron-fortified foods, they are very likely to lack iron.
These deficiencies can result in many disorders including anemia and goitre. Examples of mineral deficiency include, zinc deficiency, iron deficiency, and magnesium deficiency.
Any of the nutrient-related diseases and conditions that cause illness in humans falls within the category of nutritional disease. These include deficiencies or excesses in the diet, obesity and eating disorders, and also chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, and type 2 diabetes.
