The major Branches of Geography are:
- Physical Geography.
- Geomorphology.
- Human Geography.
- Urban Geography.
- Economic Geography.
- Population Geography.
- Political Geography.
- Biogeography.
A geographer is a physical scientist, social scientist or humanist whose area of study is geography, the study of Earth's natural environment and human society, including how society and nature interacts.
Geography was first systematically studied by the ancient Greeks, who also developed a philosophy of geography; Thales of Miletus, Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Aristotle, Strabo, and Ptolemy made major contributions to geography. Greek geographic learning was maintained and enhanced by the Arabs during the Middle Ages.
What is Geography? The word Geography is derived from the Greek word geo (the Earth, in its broadest meaning) and graphos (graphy, to write about). Literally, to write about the Earth.
Eratosthenes was called “The Father Of Geography,” since he was very knowledgeable about the earth. He invented a system of latitude and longitude and he also might have calculated the distance from earth to the sun and invented the leap day. Eratosthenes contributions to Mathematics are very notable and well known.
Geography is divided into two main branches: human geography and physical geography. There are additional branches in geography such as regional geography, cartography, and integrated geography.
Father of the Subjects
| Father of Ayurveda | Charaka |
|---|
| Father of Biology | Aristotle |
| Father of Physics | Albert Einstein |
| Father of Statistics | Ronald Fisher |
| Father of Zoology | Aristotle |
The term anthropogeography refers to a perspective and program in human geography with both major and minor traditions, expressions, and manifestations. Friedrich Ratzel (1844–1904) is credited with coining the term.
Human Geography Defined. • “Human geography is the synthetic study. of relationship between human societies and. earth's surface”. Ratzel.
He is best known for his organic theory of state (lebensraum) in which he compares the evolution of the state to that of living organism. Ratzel, a scholar of versatile academic interests, was a staunch German.
Ratzel produced the foundations of human geography in his three- volume Anthropogeographie from 1882 to 1891. This work was misinterpreted by many of his students, creating a number of environmental determinists. He published his work on political geography, Politische Geography, in 1897.
Friedrich Ratzel, a nineteenth-century German geographer, developed the organic theory. He believed that the state was organic because he believed that political bodies, such as countries, behave in a way similar to that of living organisms.
In modern times, environmental determinism rose to popularity during the 19th and 20th centuries. Following Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, German geographer Friedrich Rätzel proposed that evolutionary biology and our environment play the most prominent role in our development as a species.
